package.json ~ ^ 等符号解读

See semver for more details about specifying version ranges.

version Must match version exactly
>version Must be greater than version
>=version etc
<version
<=version
~version "Approximately equivalent to version" See semver
^version "Compatible with version" See semver
1.2.x 1.2.0, 1.2.1, etc., but not 1.3.0
http://... See 'URLs as Dependencies' below
* Matches any version
"" (just an empty string) Same as *
version1 - version2 Same as >=version1 <=version2.
range1 || range2 Passes if either range1 or range2 are satisfied.
git... See 'Git URLs as Dependencies' below
user/repo See 'GitHub URLs' below
tag A specific version tagged and published as tag See npm-tag
path/path/path See Local Paths below